Which modified organizational structure is described as a blend of bureaucratic and democratic characteristics, with flattening of the pyramid, as per Trecker?

• A. Collegial or professional team model
• B. Bureaucratic form
• C. Democratic form
• D. Adhocracy

Answer: (D)

Adhocracy captures a blended approach that keeps some structure but emphasizes flexible, cross-functional teamwork and rapid, bottom-up problem solving. It borrows the discipline and roles found in more formal organizations (a nod to bureaucratic elements) while placing decision-making and action in the hands of teams that come together as needed, rather than following a rigid, multi-layered chain of command. The hierarchy is flattened because there are fewer levels of management, and leadership emerges from the task at hand rather than from position alone. This combination of structured elements with participative, adaptive processes is what Trecker described as the modified form that sits between bureaucratic and democratic characteristics.